- Overall, Estonia has made significant social progress, its social policies aim to foster equity, opportunity, and improved quality of life for all citizens.
- Estonia's investments in education support curious, creative and entrepreneurial people who want to learn and are ready for the nature of work to change.
- Estonia is among the best countries in the world in terms of the effectiveness and equality of basic education.
- Gender equality remains important focus, and efforts to reduce gender gaps continue.
Human Development Index
Index measures long-term progress in health, education, and living standards. In 2023, Estonia’s Human Development Index was 0.905, ranking it 36th among 193 countries and placing it in the very high human development category.
The Gender Equality Index
Index gives the European Union and the Member States a score from 1 to 100. A score of 100 would mean that a country had reached full equality between women and men. In 2024, Estonia scored 60.8, and ranked 21st in European Union, with further progress needed to close the gender gap.
PISA results
Estonia’s investment in education returns some of the best scores in PISA tests in the world. Estonia ranked first in Europe in science and mathematics and second in reading in 2025.
Last updated: 09.09.2026
